In the ever-evolving landscape of film representation, the portrayal of LGBTQ characters has witnessed significant shifts. From the days of the sassy and supportive gay best friend, who often remained on the sidelines of straight characters’ lives, to more nuanced and multidimensional depictions, cinema has come a long way in exploring the lives and loves of queer individuals. This journey, chronicled by critic Michael Koresky in a curated selection of films on the Criterion Channel, sheds light on the transformation of the gay best friend archetype.
The Early Days: Archetype and Stereotype
During the Code-era Hollywood of the 1930s and 1940s, character actors like Franklin Pangborn, Edward Everett Horton, and Grady Sutton played variations of the gay best friend character, epitomizing the fastidious, fast-talking, and archly knowing but sexless individuals. These early portrayals often relegated queer characters to supporting roles, and gay actors were dubbed “Hollywood sissies.” However, as time progressed, so did the nature of their roles.
Breaking Ground: From Functionary to Friend
In the late 1940s, films like “Adam’s Rib” directed by the openly gay George Cukor, began to explore a more dynamic dynamic between the gay best friend and the protagonist. Played by David Wayne, Kip, the fun-loving neighbor, challenged heteronormativity and brought joy to the narrative. This sunnier presentation of queer masculinity contrasted the suave and otherworldly Addison DeWitt in “All About Eve,” portrayed by George Sanders. Through his proudly owned otherness, Sanders implied his character’s sexuality, becoming a best friend to everyone and no one.
Complexity and Outing: Shifting Paradigms
As the 1960s arrived, social-realist films started shedding light on gay best friend characters in more sympathetic and openly queer roles. Works like “Rebel Without a Cause” and British films “The L-Shaped Room” and “A Taste of Honey” presented gay best friends who mirrored the outsider status of their protagonists. The portrayal of lesbian best friends also emerged, as seen in films like “Rachel, Rachel” and “Silkwood.” These films navigated the complexities of relationships and identities, challenging societal norms.
Modern Nuances: A Diverse Spectrum
In contemporary cinema, the gay best friend archetype continues to persist, but with more complexity and inclusivity. Films like “Can You Ever Forgive Me?” and “Carol” showcase friendships between queer protagonists and their gay best friends, offering support and understanding rooted in shared experiences. Furthermore, the webcomic-turned-series “Heartstopper” depicts gay protagonists grappling with identity crises, supported by a diverse social group that includes a transgender best friend named Elle.
The journey of the gay best friend in cinema reflects the evolving landscape of LGBTQ representation. From being confined to stereotypical roles to emerging as multidimensional characters, queer individuals are now portrayed with depth and dignity. As films continue to explore the lives of LGBTQ people, the gay best friend archetype remains an enduring presence, no longer isolated but instead accompanied by a tapestry of diverse stories and experiences.