The North Hertfordshire Museum has announced a significant change in its presentation of Roman Emperor Elagabalus. The museum will now refer to Elagabalus using female pronouns, following classical texts that suggest the emperor identified as a trans woman.
Elagabalus: A Controversial Figure Reexamined
Elagabalus, who ruled the Roman Empire from 218 AD until her assassination in 222 AD at the age of 18, is a subject of ongoing debate among historians and academics. Controversial for her sexual promiscuity and short yet tumultuous reign, Elagabalus’s gender identity has become a focal point of discussion. The museum’s decision is based on historical records, including those of contemporary senator Cassius Dio, which depict Elagabalus as preferring female pronouns and adopting a feminine role in her final marriage.
Academic Perspectives and Modern Interpretations
The reinterpretation of Elagabalus’s identity is not without its complexities. Dr. Shushma Malik, a Cambridge University classics professor, points out that Roman literature often used effeminate language to criticize or undermine political figures. The references to Elagabalus’s appearance and behavior might have been intended to discredit her. Nonetheless, the museum’s initiative aligns with contemporary understandings of gender fluidity, acknowledging historical examples where pronouns and gender roles were fluid, especially in myth and religion.
The Museum’s Approach to Inclusivity
In revising its display, the North Hertfordshire Museum consulted with LGBTQ+ charity Stonewall to ensure their exhibits are inclusive and reflective of current understandings. The museum’s decision to use female pronouns for Elagabalus is seen as an act of respect for the emperor’s apparent gender identity, as inferred from historical texts. This move is part of a broader effort to acknowledge and respect diverse identities throughout history, even in cases where the full context and nuances may be subject to interpretation and debate.
A Shift in Historical Narrative
This relabeling represents a significant shift in how historical figures, particularly those with complex and debated identities like Elagabalus, are presented in modern times. The museum’s decision underscores the evolving nature of historical interpretation, particularly regarding gender identity, and highlights the importance of inclusivity in presenting history. As such, Elagabalus’s story offers a unique insight into the gender dynamics of ancient Rome and contributes to a more nuanced understanding of historical figures’ identities.