In a conservative city-state like Singapore, winds of change are blowing, fostering a newfound tolerance and acceptance of gay issues. Yeo Sam Jo, a Singaporean drag performer, now feels more confident and secure as he dons his pink sequin dress, pearl necklace, and glamorous makeup for his shows. This transformation in Singapore’s societal mindset can be attributed, in part, to the repeal of a colonial-era law that banned sex between men, known as Section 377A. Since the ban was lifted seven months ago, the LGBT community and academics have observed a shift in attitudes, sparking a wave of positive change in the country.
Before the historic repeal, Singapore enforced a law that criminalized sex between men, potentially leading to a two-year jail term. However, in 2007, the government declared its intention not to enforce the law, although it continued to ban gay festivals and censor gay films. The November repeal of Section 377A marked a significant turning point, but it was not without controversy. Simultaneously, the parliament amended the constitution to prevent court challenges that might have led to the legalization of same-sex marriage, garnering mixed reactions within the LGBT community.
According to sociologist Laavanya Kathiravelu from Nanyang Technological University, changes in legislation can have a profound impact on societal attitudes, particularly in a country like Singapore, where the government often plays a pivotal role in defining the moral boundaries of acceptability. The repeal of Section 377A can be seen as a top-down signal that the social and political landscape has evolved. This shift necessitates respect and acknowledgment of diverse identities, even from those who may not necessarily agree with the repeal itself.
While the repeal of the ban on gay sex has paved the way for positive changes, it has not been universally embraced. An alliance of churches criticized the decision, describing it as “extremely regrettable” and lamenting the celebration of homosexuality. The Singaporean government aims to strike a balance in society, upholding traditional family values while allowing space for all individuals to contribute.
Notably, Singapore is witnessing previously unthinkable changes. LGBT issues are making their way into the typically conservative domestic media, known for its alignment with the government’s stance. The media’s increasing nuance in unpacking tensions and differences in values and beliefs indicates a shifting landscape. Even conservative sectors of society, such as the Islamic Religious Council of Singapore, are advocating for addressing socio-religious issues, including LGBT matters, with wisdom, kindness, compassion, and mercy.
This newfound tolerance is emboldening more individuals to embrace their identities. Prominent women’s rights activist Corinna Lim publicly declared her sexual orientation as lesbian during a policy conference, crediting the repeal of Section 377A as a catalyst for increased openness. Lesbian activists Cally Chia and Ching Chia announced their pregnancy on Instagram, sensing a readiness within society to accept their family. However, challenges persist for LGBT individuals, particularly in areas such as housing, where public policies often favor traditional family structures.
While there has undeniably been a perceptible shift in social attitudes, activists emphasize that more work needs to be done. Clement Tan, spokesperson for Pink Dot, acknowledges the positive changes but stresses that Singapore still sends a message that LGBT families are not entitled to the same rights and protections as others. As Singapore’s societal landscape evolves, the struggle for equality and recognition continues, fueled by the determination of activists and the growing acceptance within the LGBT community.